Gross expenditure on research and development (GERD) in Scotland was £2.22 billion in 2014, down 0.6% on 2013, according to Scotland’s chief statistician.

The gap in GERD as a percentage of GDP between Scotland and the EU widened between 2013 and 2014, increasing from 0.32 to 0.38 percentage points.

Higher education R&D expenditure was £1.05 billion in 2014, the same in real terms as 2013.

Scottish higher education R&D spend was 13.4 % of the UK higher education R&D figure.

Scottish business enterprise R&D expenditure was £905 million in 2014, down 0.7%.

Scottish government R&D expenditure was £252 million in 2014, a decrease of 3.1% in real terms.

Private non-profit expenditure in Scotland was £8 million in 2014, the same in real terms as 2013.